中国教育在线

　　在考研英语小作文的写作中，书信类一直是考试的重点，英语一从2005年开始有小作文的考察开始截止到2016年，12年的考试中一共考了10次书信，2次告示;英语二从2010年开始7年的考试中，6次考到书信，1次考到告示;从这些数据也可以看出，告示类应用文考到的概率比较低，对于备考英语一的考生来说，因为2016年刚考过告示，所以今年再考到的概率就非常小了。因此书信仍然是考生需要着重复习准备的部分。

　　备考书信类小作文的思路非常清晰和简单，首先，整个写作这个部分考察的就是考生的英语输出能力，那么既然想要有比较好的语言输出，我们前提是先进行大量写作素材的输入，所以总结一下就是三步：输入——输出——总结。

　　1. 输入

　　首先，同学们需要把从所有的小作文的高分范文全部进行背诵默写，考研英语毕竟是一门应试性很强的考试，即使是没有客观答案的作文，也不可能漫无边际地考，它所考察的话题，类型，侧重点等等，都是有它自己的逻辑和体系的，而我们要做的就是在这套体系中建构自己的逻辑和框架，重新组织自己的输入。经过整合且符合输出目的的输入，才算是真正的有效输入。

　　2. 输出

　　输出自然就是写的过程，有了上一步的输入做基础，这一步的输出就不至于无从下手。而输入和输出应该以真题为纲，成为一个连贯的过程。背完一篇书信类的小作文，可以在第二天或者隔几天自己来写同一类型的一篇作文。因为有了之前针对性的输入，此时的输出一定会流畅许多。不用担心自己写的东西跟范文一模一样，或者自己修改调整了一些东西，甚至是有些内容记不起来了，都没有关系。最重要的是自己思考和输出的过程。即使按照范文一字不差地默写下来，也可以在写的过程中进一步体会原文为什么会这么写，同样会有收获。如果有些地方忘记了，也不必非要去回忆，可以按照自己的理解接着写，直到完成整篇作文。

　　总结

　　总结这部分分为两个层次：

　　第一，每篇写完之后的总结。每篇写完之后，可以把自己写的作文和范文作对比，看看差别在哪里，思考哪个更好，为什么好。

　　第二，所有书信类作文都写完之后，把12篇作文放在一起做纵向的归纳和总结。比如说这些作文主要有哪几类的话题，每类话题的写作思路是什么，比较好用的句型有哪些。

　　这一步是将我们的输入重组为更系统，更有逻辑，让自己已知的东西可以真正为自己所有的关键一步，也是作文水平从量变到质变的关键一步。

　　补充几篇书信类范文：

　　(一)求职信

　　Directions:

　　Write to a company, and apply for a post advertised in a newspaper.

　　Dear Mr. Byron,

　　I am a senior from the Department of Business Administration. I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for your recently advertised position for a staff member.

　　I am sure that I am qualified for it. First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience. In addition, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to working as a staff member. Last but not least, my hobbies include sports and music.

　　Finally, I would appreciate it if you could grant me an interview so that I could explain in more details in person the relevance of my educational background and working experiences.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　(二)申请信：

　　Directions:

　　Suppose you are a major in art of Central Academy of Fine Arts. After graduation you decide to pursue study in the graduate school in Yale University. Write a letter of application for admission, which should include the following points:

　　1)Make an application;

　　2) provide your personal information and academic documents; 3)express your hope for a reply.

　　Dear Sir or Madam,

　　I would like to apply for admission to the master’s program in art at your graduate school, beginning in fall 2015.

　　As a bachelor of arts, I will graduate from Central Academy of Fine Arts, China in the summer of2015 where I majored in Art. I have completed all the required undergraduate courses with satisfactory scores. Official copies of my transcript and of my TOEFL and GRE scores are being sent separately from the offices concerned. Three recommendation letters are also being sent by my professors. I do not have the funds to finance my education; therefore I will be applying for an application fee waiver and full financial support from the university to cover my tuition and living expenses.

　　I look forward to your early reply. Please do not hesitate to contact me if my supporting documents are not enough for consideration of my application. You can contact me by e-mail atliming@yahoo.com. Thank you for your kind assistance in this matter.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　(三)投诉信

　　Directions:

　　Write to the head of a train, and complain about its bad services.

　　Dear Sir or Madam,

　　As a regular passenger of your train, I am completely disappointed to find that the service you provide is far from satisfactory. Therefore, I am writing this letter to draw your attention to the matter in the hope that the present situation will be much improved.

　　As we all know, punctuality is essential to the railway service. However, the train is delayed from time to time, which brings me much trouble and inconvenience. Worst of all is the bad manners of your stewards and stewardesses. From their services, we cannot understand the saying: “The customers are the god.”

　　I believe you will take this matter into serious consideration and give a satisfactory reply as soon as possible. At the same time, I sincerely hope that you will review your management system. I would be glad to see improvements in your railway service.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　(西安人信英语老师齐婷婷)